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According to a very brief unit history I found online at Illinois State Archives, the 1st Illinois US Light Artillery, Battery I saw action at the Battle of Shiloh,6-7 April 1862 and the seige of Corinth, Mississippi in May 1862. Thus, these two battles were likely the only engagements in which Pvt. Johnson participated prior to his death. Could he have been wounded and then lingered for 3 months? I guess it's possible but my thinking is that it's more likely he died of disease. I know for a fact, through my research, that there were epidemics of both measles and smallpox during that time in the area. Yellow fever was also a major killer in that area.
Do you have copies of his compiled service records from the National Archives microfilm or did you get the info from the Illinois Archives database? If you don't have his actual service records then you should get them. There just might be something in them that is not given in the database.
I found reference to a unit history titled: "1st Illinois Light Artillery, Battery I, Events of the Civil War" written by its commander Gen. Edward Bouton. The book was published in in 1906 in Los Angeles, California. Bouton had moved there after the war so I guess that's why it was published in California. Unfortunately, I searched WodrdCat, PERSI, Illinois State Library and a couple of other places but can't find a repository which has it. Often these old memoirs give a lot of detail not found elsewhere.
I guess you can dig through the ORs as suggested by the other responder. That'll keep you busy for a while.
Short of actually viewing the unit records and seeking Union hospital records for the area, I don't know much else to do. You might post this message to the Civil War Forum if you haven't done so. Maybe someone there can help.
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